Varicose vessels on the legs are most often susceptible to, since the lower limbs are every day experience a huge load. Various forms of this pathology are observed in every 3 women and in every 5 men.
The disease is characterized by certain clinical manifestations and complications that can significantly affect the ability to work and level of quality of life. Further, we will talk about varicose veins on the legs and about everything related to this phenomenon.
What is varicose veins
Varicose veins on the legs are a pathological state, accompanied by changes in the vessels (burlap, increase in length, formation of nodules) as a result of improper operation of venous valves and impaired blood flow.
This disease has been known since ancient times, which is confirmed by numerous archaeological excavations.
Reference. Today, every 4 people on the planet suffer from such a pathology.
The insidiousness of the disease is that 50% of people do not even know that they have the initial stage of the disease. More often, women are subjected to such a disease due to the features of the course of perestroika in the hormonal system.
In order to figure out what varicose veins on the legs are, we turn to the features of the anatomical structure and the physiological processes of the circulatory system.
Vienna - vessels through which blood flows from the organs of the body to the heart. But arteries carry blood in the opposite direction - from the heart muscle to tissues and organs.
Unlike the latter, the veins have a small share of muscle tissue, therefore, unilateral valves have one -sided valves to prevent a reverse flow of blood.
If for some reason these valves cease to function normally, thenThere is a bloodstream of blood, that is, it does not flow up, as it should, but down.
As a result, a congestive phenomenon is formed - blood accumulates in the legs and under its pressure the vessels begin to expand and deform.
The consequences of such processes will soon be seen on the feet with the naked eye. Blue-green or bluish lines, subsequently strongly sticking out above the surface of the skin, become noticeable under the skin.
With age, the pathological state usually exacerbates, because it first develops quite slowly, and then progresses quickly.
Reasons
The causes of varicose veins of the lower extremities are quite diverse. Scientists devoted a lot of time to the study of this problem, not characteristic of other living beings.
Reference. Some believe that this is a kind of retribution of mankind for possessing the possibility of straightforwardness, as a result of which the legs experience huge pressure of the entire body weight.
In addition, experts determined a whole list of factors because of which varicose veins appear on the legs. These include:
- Heredity-The risk of appearance is about 70%if one of the relatives had varicose veins. The ailment itself is inherited, but the structure of the vessels, genetically determined: weak venous walls, inferior valves.
- Inactive lifestyle- If a person moves little, then the tone of blood vessels weakens, the pressure in the veins rises, the blood stagnates.
- Overweight- One of the most common reasons. At the same time, the risk of developing the disease increases in proportion to the increase in adipose tissue in the body.
- Excessive physical activity- Venous pressure is increased repeatedly, if a person spends almost the whole day on his feet, especially when lifting weights.
- Violations in endocrine and hormonal systems- concerns the female sex, as hormonal failures become causes of stagnation. Such periods are pregnancy, postpartum time, menopause.
- High -heeled shoes-They are in constant tension, which is why blood flow through deep veins is disturbed. As a result, the blood rushes to the surface veins, the valves of which cannot cope with the load.
However, these are not all the reasons that provoke the development of pathology. There is another point, which is from which varicose veins and it is associated with disorders in the nervous system and the psychological state of a person.
Psychosomatics of varicose veins
Psychosomatics- a direction in psychology, which studies the influence of psychological factors on the development of somatic (bodily) ailments.
It has long been known thatAll processes in the human body are controlled by a brain that is controlled by consciousness.
Therefore, it is believed that the causes of all diseases are in the head and are psychosomatic.
This means that the occurrence of deviations in health provoke internal experiences or exposure to stress.
Reference. In oriental medicine, it is believed that varicose veins is a psychosomatic disease.
The causes of psychosomatics of varicose veins are such psychological states:
- stress;
- depression;
- stagnation, lack of goals in life;
- neurosis;
- long stay in difficult conditions for the psyche;
- A breakdown.
All this negatively affects the nervous system of the body and the following occurs.The elasticity of the walls of blood vessels is regulated by the ends of the nerve fibers.
Under the action of such psychological factors, the nature of their activity is changing. As a result, the tone of the veins is reduced, the lumen in the vessels increases, which prevents the operation of the valves.
Therapy of varicose veins, which arose on nervous soil, requires a special approach and with the participation of several specialists of different profiles.
Symptoms
This disease is characterized by characteristic symptoms that are quite easy to determine.
Initial symptoms of venous circulatory disorders are:
- Heaviness, pain, burning sensation, itching.
- Numbness, rare cramps at night.
- The appearance of a vascular mesh of a bluish-red color.
If you do not detect or start therapy of such pathological processes, then the ailment will continue its progression and new ones will be added to existing symptoms: new ones:
- The appearance of the seal on the leg with varicose veins, the skin begins to peel off and covers with spots;
- pain in the muscles that increase when walking;
- the manifestation of venous nodes protruding above the surface of the skin;
- A feeling of pain at pressure with fingers in the veins.
In addition, swelling of the legs can be observed, which is a serious warning about the dynamic development of the disease, since the deep veins are no longer able to cope with their work.
Reference.Lack of treatment can cause the development of complications in the form of thrombophlebitis, trophic ulcers, bleeding.
How varicose veins develop
Previously, a mechanism for the development of venous expansion of veins on the legs, which consists in the wrong blood flow (down) was considered due to disorders of the work of special valves.
As a result of this, symptoms of pathology characterized by the sequence of development are manifested.
The manifestations and course of the disease in each individual case bears its own characteristics, which depend on the patient's age, his health and the cause of the development of the phenomenon.
On the feet
The disease passes several stages of development: from minor signs to dilated veins on the legs and sensations of pain.
Doctor of Medical Sciences V. S. Savelyev systematized the stages of development of the disease, depending on the rate of progression and the ability of the body to self -healing.
Visual change in the lower extremities as a result of the development of varicose veins
In total, he identified 3 stages of the course of the disease:
- Stage of compensation- There are no pains or completely insignificant, edema after loads, vascular stars.
- Stage of subcompensation- Soreness, fatigue, cramps, swelling in the evenings, a feeling of bursting in the legs.
- Stage of decompensation- The restoration of the skin (long -cooked even small wounds) is disturbed, enlarged veins appear on the legs, severe pain and discomfort are noted.
At the stage of decompensation, all systems of the body suffer:Weakening of the bone and muscle tissue occurs, hair begins to fall out.
Do not delay the treatment, giving pathological processes to go through all degrees of development. The sooner therapy is started, the more effective it is.
On the feet
There is no diagnosis of varicose veins in the international classification of diseases, however, it often manifests itself in this part of the leg.
Reference.Quite often, varicose disease of the lower extremities begins with the feet.
The development of such a trouble on the feet occurs almost in the same way as in the rest of the legs, with the exception of several points.
At first there is a slight swelling of the footwhich is rarely noticed. With a further course, it is addedSoreness and a sense of bursting in the thumb.
Also appearsburningWith prolonged walking.
If nothing is done at this stage of development, then the disease will progress further with the appearance of a vascular mesh on the inner or outer side of the foot and expanded blue veins.
Reference.Varicosis on the foot of the legs can appear even at a young age.
If you do not take the necessary measures, then the disease will go further, appearing on the legs, calves, hips.
Conclusion
Since this disease is very common, it is worth knowing everything about varicose veins: from the features of development to symptoms and causes.
Such knowledge will help not only in time to determine and begin treatment, but also to prevent the occurrence of pathology.